API 570 Questions

1)  API 570 covers inspection, repair alteration, and re-rating procedures for metallic piping systems that __________.

2) API 570 was developed for the petroleum refining and chemical process industries.

3)    API 570 __________ be used as a substitute for the original construction requirements governing a piping system before it is placed in-service.

4)    API 570 applies to piping systems for process fluids, hydrocarbons, and similar flammable or toxic fluid services. Which of the following services is not specifically applicable ?

5)    Some of the classes of piping systems that are excluded or optional for coverage under API 570 are listed below. Which one is a mandatory included class ?

6)    The __________ shall be responsible to the owner-user for determining that the requirements of API 570 for inspection, examination, and testing are met.

7)    Who is responsible for the control of piping system inspection programs, inspection frequencies and maintenance of piping?

8)    An authorized piping inspector shall have the following qualifications. Pick the one that does not belong in this list:-

9)            Risk based inspections include which of the following:-

10)          An RBI assessment can be used to alter the inspection strategy provided:-

11)          Which one of the following is not a specific type of an area of deterioration?

12)  Injection points subject to accelerated or localised corrosion may be treated
as __________

13)  The recommended upstream limit of inspection of an injection point is a minimum of

14)  The recommended downstream limit of inspection of an injection point is a minimum of

15)  Select thickness measurement locations (TMLs) within injection point circuits subjected to localised corrosion according to the following guidelines. Select the one that does not belong

16)  What are the preferred methods of inspecting injection points ?

17)  During periodic scheduled inspections, more extensive inspection should be applied to an area beginning __________ upstream of the injection nozzle and continuing for atleast __________ pipe diameters downstream of the injection point.

18)  Why should deadlegs in piping be inspected ?

19)  Both the stagnant end and the connection to an active line of a deadleg should be monitored. In a hot piping system, why does the high point of a deadleg corrode and need to be inspected ?

20)  What is the best thing to do with deadlegs that are no longer in service ?

21)  What are the most common forms of corrosion under insulatin (CUI).

22)          What climatic area may require a very active program for corrosion under insulation?

23)  Certain areas and types of piping systems are potentially more susceptible to corrosion under insulation. Which of the items listed is not susceptible to CUI?

24)          What location is subject to corrosion under insulation and inspection contributes to it?

25)  Soil-to-air (S/A) interfaces for buried piping are a location where localized corrosion may take place. If the buried part is excavated for inspection, how deep should the excavation be to determine if there is hidden damage ?

26)  At concrete-to-air and asphalt-to-air interfaces of buried piping without cathodic protection, the inspector looks for evidence that the caulking or seal at the interface has deteriorated and allowed moisture ingress. If such a condition exists on piping systems over __________ years old, it may be necessary to inspect for corrosion beneath the surface before resealing the joint.

27)  An example of service-specific and localized corrosion is:-

28)          Erosion can be defined as:-

29)  A combination of corrosion and erosion results in significantly greater metal loss that can be expected from corrosion or erosion alone. This type of loss occurs at

30)          Environmental cracking of austenite stainless steels is caused many times by:-

31)  When the inspector suspects or is advised that specific piping circuits may be susceptible to environmental cracking, the inspector should:-

32)  If environmental cracking is detected during internal inspection of pressure vessels, what should the inspector do?

33)  If external or internal coatings or refractory liners on a piping circuit are in good condition, what should an inspector do?

34)  What course of action should be followed it a coating of coke is found on the interior of a large pipe of a reactor on a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit?

35)          Fatigue cracking of piping systems may result from

36)          Where can fatigue cracking typically be first detected?

37)          What are the preferred NDE methods for detecting fatigue cracking?

38)          Creep is dependent on:-

39)  An example of where creep cracking has been experienced in the industry is in the problems experienced with cracking of 1.25 % Chrome steels operating at temperatures above __________ degrees F

40)  Brittle fracture can occur in carbon, low-alloy, and other ferritic steels at or
below __________

41)  Water and aqueous solutions in piping systems may freeze and cause failure because of the

42)  Different types of inspection and surveillance are appropriate depending on the circumstances and the piping system. Pick the one that does not belong in the following list:-

43)  Internal visual inspections are __________ on piping unless it is a large diameter transfer line, duct, catalyst line or other large diameter piping system.

44)  Name an additional opportunity for a normal non-destructive internal inspection of piping

45)  Why is thickness measurement inspection performed?

46)          Who performs a thickness measurement inspection ?

47)  When corrosion product build-up is noted during an external visual inspection at a pipe support contact area, lifting of such supports may be required for inspection. When doing this, care should  be

48)  Qualified operating or maintenance personnel also may conduct external visual inspections when :-

49)  Who would normally report vibrating or swaying piping to engineering or inspection personnel ?

        50) Thermography is used to check for :-

51)  Thickness measurement locations (TMLs) are specific __________ along the piping circuit where inspections are to be made

52)  The minimum thickness at each TML can be located by

53)  Where appropriate, thickness measurements should include measurements at each of __________ on pipe and fittings

54)  Where should special attention be placed when taking thickness measurements of an elbow ?

55)  TMLs should be marked on inspection drawings and __________ to allow repetitive measurements

56)  What is taken into account by an experienced inspector when selecting TMLs ?

57)  In theory,  a piping circuit subject to perfectly uniform corrosion could be adequately monitored with __________ TMLs

58)  More TMLs should be selected for piping systems with any of the following characteristics :-

59)  Fewer TMLs can be selected for piping systems with any of the following characteristics :-

60)          TMLs can be eliminated for piping systems with the following characteristics

61)  What is usually the most accurate means for obtaining thickness measurements on installed pipe larger than NPS 1 ?

62)  What thickness measuring technique does not require the removal of some external piping insulation ?

63)  When ultrasonic thickness measurements are taken above __________ degrees F, instruments couplants, and procedures should be used that will result in accurate measurements at the higher temperature

64)  Typical digital thickness gages may  have trouble measuring thickness less than __________ inches

        65) When pressure testing of piping systems are conducted, they shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of :-

66)  If a lower pressure test (lower than prescribed by code) is used only for tightness of piping systems, the __________ may designate the pressure

67)  The preferred medium for a pressure test is __________

68)  If a non-toxic hydrocarbon (flammable) is used as the test medium, the liquid flash point shall be at least __________ degrees F or greater

69)  Piping fabricated of or having components of 300 series stainless steel should be tested with __________

70)  For sensitised austenitic stainless steel, piping subject to polythionic stress corrosion cracking, consideration should be given to using __________ for pressure testing

71)  When a pipe requires post weld heat treatment, when should the pressure test be performed ?

72)  During a pressure test, where test pressure will exceed the set pressure of the safety relieve valve or valves on a piping system, the safety relief valve or valves should be __________ when carrying out the test

73)  When using block valves to isolate a piping system for pressure test, what precaution should be taken ?

74)  Several methods may be used to verify that the correct alloy piping  is in a system. Pick the incorrect method from the list below :-

75)  Name a part of a piping system that thickness measurements are not normally routinely taken

76)  If environmental cracking is found during in-service inspection of welds, who assesses the problem ?

77)  If an inspector finds an imperfection in an original fabrication weld and analysis is required to assess the impact of the weld quality on piping integrity, which of the following may perform the analysis ?

78)  According to API 570, some welds in a piping system that has been subjected to radiography according to ASME B31.3 :-

79)  How should fasteners and gaskets be examined to determine whether they meet the material specifications

80)  When checking flange and valve bonnet bolts for corrosion, what type of NDT is usually used ?

81)  What course of action is called for when an inspector finds a flange joint that has been clamped and pumped with sealant ?

82)  All process piping systems must be categorised into different classes. On what are the classifications selection based ?

82)  (1) Inspection strategy based on likelihood and consequence of failure is called

82)  (2) An RBI assessment can be used to __________ the inspection interval limits in Table 1 of API 570 or the extent of the inspection conducted

83)  Listed below are several examples of a CLASS 1 piping system. Which one does not belong ?

84)  Of the three classification of piping systems, which includes the majority of unit processes and selected off-site piping ?

85)  Class 3 piping is described as being in services

86)  Who establishes inspection interval for thickness measurements, external visual inspections and for internal and supplemental inspections ?

87)  Thickness measurement inspection should be scheduled based on the calculation of not more than

        88) For external inspections for potential corrosion under insulation (CUI) on Class 1 systems, the examination should include at least __________ percent of all suspect areas and __________ percent of all areas of damaged insulation

        89) Piping systems that are known to have a remaining life of over __________ years or that are protected against external corrosion need not have insulation removed for teh periodic external inspection

90)  For Class 3 piping systems, the examination for corrosion under insulation (CUI) should include atleast __________ percent of all suspect areas

91)  For Class 2 piping, the extent of CUI inspections on a system operating at – 45^oF will be

92)  Small bore piping (SBP) that is Class I shall be inspected

93)  Inspection of small bore piping (SBP) that is secondary and auxiliary (associated with instruments and machinery) is

94)  If an inspector finds threaded small bore piping (SBP) associated with machinery and subject to fatigue damage, he should :-

       95)  An eight-inch diameter piping system is installed in December 1979. The installed thickness if measured as 0.34″. The minimum thickness of the pipe is 0.20″. It is inspected 12/83 and the thickness is found to be 0.32″. An inspection 12/87 reveals a loss of 0.01″ from the 12/85 inspection. During 12/89 the thickness was found to be 0.29″. The last inspection was during 12/95 and the thickness was found to be 0.26″. What is the long-term corrosion rate of this system ?

96)  Using the information in question 95, calculate the short-term corrosion rate

97)  Using the information in questions 95 and 96, determine the remaining life of the system

98)  You have a new piping system that has just been installed. It is completely new and no information exists to establish a corrosion rate. Also, information is no available on a similar system. You decide to put the system in service and NDT it later to determine the corrosion rate. How long do you allow the system to stay in service before you take your first thickness readings ?

99)  After an inspection interval is completed and if calculations indicate that an inaccurate rate of corrosion has been assumed in a piping system, how do you determine the corrosion rate for the next inspection period ?

     100)  If a piping system is made up of unknown materials and computations must be made to determine the minimum thickness of the pipe, what can  the inspector or the piping engineer do t establish the minimum thickness ?

101)A piping engineer is designing a piping service with high potential consequences if a failure occurs, i.e. a 350 psi natural gas line adjacent to a high density population area. What should he consider doing for unanticipated situations ?

102)When evaluating locally thinned areas, the surface of the weld includes __________ on either side of the weld or __________ times the minimum measured thickness  on either side of the weld, whichever is greater.

103) An inspector finds a thin area in a fabricated 24″ diameter pipe. The thin area includes a longitudinal weld in the pipe and is 10 feet long and 2 foot circumferentially. Calculations show that with 0.85 joint factor, the pipe must be repaired, renewed, etc. or the pressure in the pipe must be lowered. The owner does not want to do any hot work on the pipe and he does not wish to lower the pressure. What other course could you follow ?

     104) Piping stress analysis is done during the system’s original design. How can the inspector make use of stress analysis information ?

105) You are inspecting a piping system. You find a significant loss of material (a major increase of corrosion rate) in gas oil piping (used as reboiler oil, temperature
500 degrees F) on a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit. What is the best course of action for you to take ?

106) The __________ shall maintain appropriate permanent and progressive records of each piping system covered by API 570.

107) When making repairs and alterations to piping systems, the principles of __________ or the code to which the piping system was built shall be followed :-

108) Repair and alteration work must be done by a repair organisation as defined in API 570 and must be authorised by the __________ prior to its commencement

109) Authorization for alteration work to a piping system may be given by the inspector after :-

110) A repair procedure involving welding requires that the root pass of the weld be inspected before continuing the weld. A “hold” on the repair is required at this point. Who designates this “hold?”

111) What type of repairs and procedures may the inspector give prior general authorization to continue (provided the inspector is satisfied with the competency of the repair organization ) ?

112) Who approves all proposed methods of design, execution, materials, welding procedures, examination and testing of in-service piping ?

113) Who must give approval for any on-stream welding ?

114) An inspector finds a crack in the parent metal of a pipe adjacent to a support lug. The pipe was being inspected after a 5-year run. Before repairing, he should :-

115) A full encirclement welded split sleeve designed by a piping engineer may be applied over a damaged or corroded area of a pipe. This is considered a temporary repair. When should a permanent repair be made ?

116) What type of defect, corrosion, pitting and / or discontinuity should not be repaired by a full encirclement welded split sleeve ?

117) If a repair area is localised (for example, pitting or pin-holes) and the specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) of the pipe is not more than __________ psi, a temporary repair may be made by fillet welding a properly designed plate patch over the pitted area :-

118) Insert patches (flush patches may be used to repair damaged or corroded areas of pipe if several requirements are met. One of these is that an insert patch (flush patch) may be of any shape but it shall have rounded corners with __________ minimum radii.

119) An inspector finds a pin-hole leak in a weld during an on-stream inspection of a  piping system. A permissible temporary repair is :-

120) Temporary leak sealing and leak dissipating devices shall be removed and the pipe restored to original integrity :-

121) Which of the following is NOT an item for consideration by an inspector when a leak sealing fluid (“pumping”) is used for a temporary leak seal repair :-

122) Any welding conducted on piping components in operation must be done in accordance with

123) All repair and alteration welding to  piping systems shall be done in accordance with the :-

124) Welders and welding procedures used in making piping repairs, etc. shall be qualified in accordance with :-

125) The repair organization responsible for welding shall maintain records of welding procedures and welder performance qualifications. These records shall be available to the inspector :-

126) Preheating to not less than  __________ degrees F may be considered as an alternative to post weld heat treatment for alterations or repairs of P-1, piping initially post weld heat treated as a code  requirement (may not be used if the piping was post weld heat treated due to environmental cracking prevention).

127) When u sing local PWHT as a substitute for 360-degree banding on local repairs of PWHT’d piping, which of the following items is NOT considered

128) Piping butt joints shall be :-

       129) When should piping components that need repair be replaced?

130) Fillet welded patches (lap patches) shall be designed by

131) Fillet welded lap patches (overlay patches) shall leave: –

132) Materials used in making welding repairs or alterations __________ be of known weldable quality :-

133) Acceptance of a welded repair or alteration shall include __________ in accordance with the applicable code and the owner-user’s specification, unless otherwise specified in API 570

134) After welding is completed on a repair or alteration, __________ in accordance with API 570 shall be performed if practical and deemed necessary by the inspector

135) When are pressure tests normally required?

136) When a pressure test is not necessary or practical, what shall be utilised in lieu of a pressure test ?

       137) Special procedure in place of a pressure test after an alteration or repair may be done only after consultation with:-

138) When it is not practical to perform a pressure test of a final closure weld that joins a new or replacement section of piping to an existing system, several requirements shall be satisfied. Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements:-

139) Which of the following is NOT a requirement for re-rating a piping system by changing the temperature or the MAWP:-

140) Why is the inspector of buried process piping (not regulated by DOT) different from other process piping inspection ?

141) Indications of leaks in buried piping may include several indications. Which of the ones listed below is NOTone of the indications ?

142) Corrosion cells can form on both bare and coated pipe where bare steel contacts the soil. How can these cells be detected ?

143) A pipe coating holiday survey is used to locate coating defects on coated pipes. It can be used on newly constructed pipe systems to ensure that the coating is intact and holiday-free. More often, it is used on buried pipe to :-

144) Catholically protected buried piping should be monitored __________ to assure adequate levels of protection

145) If an “intelligent pigging” system is used to inspect buried piping, what type of bends are usually required in the piping system ?

146) How often should above-grade visual surveillance of a buried pipeline right-of-way be made ?

147) How often should poorly coated pipes with inconsistent cathodic protection potentials have a pipe-to-soil potential survey made ?

148) On buried piping, what is the frequency of pipe coating holiday surveys ?

149) For a piping buried in lengths greater than __________ feet and not cathodically protected, evaluation of soil corrosivity should be performed at 5-year intervals.

150) If buried piping is cathodically protected, the system should be monitored at intervals in accordance with Section 10 of NACE RP0169 or Section 90 of API RP 651.
API RP 651 specifies __________ interval.

151) Buried piping inspected periodically by excavation shall be inspected in lengths of __________ feet at one or more locations judged to be most susceptible to corrosion

152) After excavation of buried piping, if inspection reveals damaged coating or corroded piping :

153)       If buried piping is contained inside a casing pipe, the casing should be :-

154) An alternative or supplement to inspection of buried piping is leak testing with  liquid at a pressure at least __________ % greater than the maximum operating pressure at intervals ½ the length of those shown in Table 9-1 of API 570 for piping NOT cathodically protected and at the same intervals as shown in Table 9-1 for cathodically protected piping

155) The leak test for buried piping should be for a period of __________ hours.

156) The leak test for an 8″ diameter buried piping system is 300 psi. After 7 hours, the pressure reacts 273 psi. What should the inspector do?

157) A buried piping system that is not cathodically protected has to have an inspection interval set. The soil resistivity is checked and found to be 3400 ohm/cm. As the inspector, what interval would you set ?

158) Buried piping also may be surveyed for integrity by removing the line from service and performing a leak test. This inspection method typically involves pressurizing the line with a __________, allowing time for the __________ to diffuse to the surface and surveying the buried line with a gas-specific detector to detect the __________

159) Repairs to coating on buried piping may be tested using

160) If buried piping leaks are clamped and reburied:-

161) A 10″ diameter piping system with 4″ diameter and 6″ diameter reinforced branch connections is to have changes made to it. Which of the following is considered an alteration?

162) Which of the following would not be classified as an applicable code to which a piping system was built ?

163) Which of the inspection agencies listed below is NOT an Authorized Inspection Agency as defined in API 570.

164) An authorized piping inspector is an employee of an authorized inspection agency who is qualified to perform the functions specified in API 570. Which individual listed below is not usually an authorized piping inspector.

165) Which of the following qualifies as auxiliary piping?

166) CUI stands for: –

167) Deadlegs legs of a piping system are:-

168) A defect is an imperfection of a type or magnitude exceeding the __________ criteria.

169) The design temperature of a piping system component is the temperature at which, under the coincident pressure, the __________ is required.

170) An examiner is a person who __________ the inspector

171) Hold point is a point in the repair or alteration process beyond which work may not proceed until the __________ has been performed and documented

172) What is an imperfection?

173) __________: is a response or evidence resulting from the application of a non-destructive evaluation technique

174) What are points where chlorine is introduced in reformers, water is added in overhead systems, etc. called

175) What is the loss of ductility and notch toughness in susceptible low-alloy steels such as 1.25 and 2.5 Cr., due to prolonged exposure to high-temperature service called ?

176) Secondary process piping is small-bore (less than or equal to __________) process piping downstream of normally closed block valves

177) A test point is an area defined by a circle having a diameter not greater than __________ inches for a line diameter not exceeding 10 inches or not greater than __________ inches for larger lines.

178) When making a repair utilizing a welded full encirclement repair sleeve and the sleeve material is different from the pipe material, you should

179) What type of electrode should be  used when welding a full encirclement repair sleeve?

180) Which of the following welding electrodes is low hydrogen?

181) When welding a small repair patch, the diameter of electrodes used should not exceed