Low voltage X-ray tubes are generally fitted with windows made of

The general method of producing X-rays involves the sudden deceleration of high velocity electrons in a solid body called a:

The absorption of gamma rays from a given source when passing through matter depends on the:

The uneven distribution of developed grains within the emulsion of a processed X-ray film causes the subjective impression of:

Co-60 is reported to have a half-life of 5.3 years. By how much should exposure time be increased (over that used initially to produce excellent radiographs when the Co-60 source was new) when the source is two years old?

Of the following, the source providing the most penetrating radiation is:

The quantity of radiation which will produce, by means of ionization, one electrostatic unit of electricity in 0.001293 g of dry air is known as a

Which of the following isotopes has the longest half-life?

The slope of a straight line joining two points of specified densities on a characteristic curve of a film is known as the

A voltage selector consisting of an iron core transformer with a single winding having a series of taps at various points on the winding is called:

Besides serving as a filter, screens of high atomic numbers, such as lead and lead antimony, also:

The range of thickness over which densities are obtained that are satisfactory for interpretation is a measure of the:

The amount of unsharpness or blurring of a radiograph is:

The inherent filtration of an X-ray tube is a function of the:

As the effective energy of the radiation increases up to about 250 kV:

The specific activity of Co-60 depends on the:

A device which is basically a combination of magnet and transformer designed to guide and accelerate electrons in a circular orbit to very high energies is called a:

In general, the quality of fluoroscopic equipment is best determined by:

The load that can be handled by an X-ray tube focal spot is governed by:

In certain cases, it may advantageous to pack lead shot around a specimen. The purpose for doing this is to:

In the microradiographic technique:

Which of the following X-ray generators would produce the narrowest cone of X-radiation?

Two factors which greatly affect the suitability of the target material in an X-ray tube are:

The quantitative measure of film blackening is referred to as:

A curve that relates density with the logarithm of exposure or of relative exposure is called:

The developer solution is:

A general rule governing the application of the geometric principles of shadow formation states that the:

When electrons of many different energies strike a target, a continuous spectrum of X-rays is generated. These X-rays are known as:

The difference in density between different parts of a radiograph is called:

Discontinuities caused by fatigue and/or corrosion are categorized as:

Heat affected zone cracking is not easily detected with radiographic testing because:

Devices used to ensure that radiographs meet the desired image quality level are called:

The energy level of X-rays is controlled by the:

The specific activity of a gamma ray source is important because it determines:

The earliest indications of radiation damage may be detected in the:

In relation to radiation effects, MLD stands for:

The pocket dosimeter has the advantage of:

The factor equation is:

Which of the following is not used to control light in the darkroom?

Generally speaking, artifacts that occur before the film is exposed are: