The only significant sound wave mode that travels through a liquid is a:

The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the:

When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second critical angle is reached results in:

The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystalline structures is a factor in determining:

The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is mostly affected by:

The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a transducer may be caused by:

In the far field of a uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is ___________ the beam centerline.

As the radius of curvature of a curved lens is increased, the focal length of the lens:

Rayleigh waves are influenced most by defects located:

The ultrasonic testing technique in which finger damping is most effective in locating a discontinuity is the:

At an interface between two different materials, an impedance difference results in:

In the immersion technique, the distance between the face of the transducer and the test surface (water path) is usually adjusted so that the time required to send the sound beam through the water:

On an A-scan display, the “dead zone,” refers to:

In straight (normal) beam contact testing, a reduction in the back surface reflection amplitude could indicate:

A primary purpose of a reference standard is:

Compensation for the variation in echo height related to variations in discontinuity depth in the test material is known as:

Which of the following is a reference reflector that is not dependent on beam angle?

The angle at which 90 degrees refraction of a longitudinal sound wave is reached is called:

Attenuation is a difficult quantity to measure accurately, particularly in solid materials, at the test frequencies normally used. The overall result usually observed includes other loss mechanisms which can include:

The vertical linear range of a test instrument may be determined by obtaining ultrasonic responses from:

Large grains in a metallic test specimen usually result in:

The angle formed by an ultrasonic wave as it enters a medium of different velocity than the one from which it came and a line drawn perpendicular to the interface between the two media is called the angle of:

The process of adjusting an instrument or device to a reference standard is referred to as:

An electron tube in which a beam of electrons from the cathode is used to reproduce an image on a display at the end of the tube is referred to as:

A grouping of a number of crystals in one transducer, with all contact surfaces in the same plane, and vibrating in phase with each other to act as a single transducer is called a:

The angle of reflection is

The change in direction of an ultrasonic beam when it passes from one medium to another whose velocity differs from that of the first medium is called:

Which of the following modes of vibration exhibits the shortest wavelength at a given frequency and in a given material?

In general, shear waves are more sensitive to small discontinuities than longitudinal waves for a given frequency and in a given material because:

The speed with which ultrasonic waves travel through a material is known as its

A substance that reduces the surface tension of a liquid is referred to as:

The ultrasonic transducers most commonly used for discontinuity testing utilize:

Mechanical and electrical stability, insolubility in liquids, and resistance to aging are three advantages of transducers made of:

The formula sin θ1/V1 = sin θ2/V2 is used to determine:

The amount of energy reflected from a discontinuity is dependent on:

Which of the following frequencies would probably result in the greatest ultrasonic attenuation losses?

The product of the sound velocity and the density of a material is known as the:

The amplifier range over which the unsaturated signal response increases in amplitude in proportion to the discontinuity surface area is the

Significant errors in ultrasonic thickness measurement can occur if:

An ultrasonic testing instrument that displays pulses representing the magnitude of reflected ultrasound as a function of time or depth of metal is said to contain: